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MM008 : Information
AISI DESIGNATIONS
Grade Sample Type
lOxx 1008 Plain carbon grade
llxx 1110 Re-Sulfurized
12xx 1215 Re-Phos. and S
13xx 1345 Mn 1.60/1.90%
15xx 1515 High Mn and S
40xx 4042 Alloy- High Mo
41xx 4140 Cr and Mo
43xx 4320 Ni, Cr, Mo
46xx 4620 Ni and Mo
51xx 5150 High Cr
86xx 8620 Ni,Cr,Mo
B 10B24 Boron added
L 12L14 Lead added
H 41H40 Guaranteed Hardenability
STANDARD GAUGE DECIMALS – HOT ROLLED COLD ROLLED
Gauge and Equivalent in Decimals of an Inch
(For accuracy always specify by decimal)
Gauge No. Steel Sheets Mfrs. Std. - Replaces U.S. Standard (revised) Gauge.
6-0's ——
5-0's ——
4-0's ——
3-0's ——
2-0's ——
0 ——
1 ——
2 ——
3 .2391
4 .2242
5 .2092
6 .1943
7 .1793
8 .1644
9 .1495
10 .1345
11 .1196
12 .1046
13 .0897
14 .0747 .
15 .0673
16 .0598
17 .0538
18 .0478
19 .0418
20 .0359
21 .0329
22 .0299
23 .0269
24 .0239
25 .0209
26 .0179
27 .0164
28 .0149
29 .0135
30 .0120
31 .0105
32 .0097
33 .0090
34 .0082
35 .0075
36 .0067
37 .0064
38 .0060
Galvanized, Galvannealed, Aluminized
Gauge Nom. Thickness (in.)
8 .1681
9 .1532
10 .1382
11 .1233
12 .1084
13 .0934
14 .0785
15 .0710
16 .0635
17 .0575
18 .0516
19 .0456
20 .0396
21 .0366
22 .0336
23 .0306
24 .0276
25 .0247
26 .0217
27 .0202
28 .0187
29 .0172
30 .0157
31 .0142
32 .0134
Metric Conversions Measurement
Convert From Convert To Multiply By
Length
Inch (in.) Millimeter (mm) 25.4
Millimeter (mm) Inch (in.) 0.03937
Inch (in.) mil 1000
Foot (ft.) Meter (m) 0.3048
Meter (m) Foot (ft.) 3.281
Weight
Pound (lb.) Kilogram (kg.) 0.4536
Kilogram (kg.) Pound (lb.) 2.2046
Net Ton (nt) Metric Ton (mt) 0.9072
Metric Ton (mt) Net Ton (nt) 1.1023
Net Ton (nt) Gross Ton (gt) 1.12
Gross Ton (gt) Net Ton (nt) 0.8928
Strength
Pound/square in. (psi) ksi (1000 psi) 0.001
ksi Megapascal (MPa) 6.895
Pound/square in. (psi) Megapascal (MPa) 0.006895
Megapascal (MPa) Pound/square in. (psi) 145.0377
Coating Weight
Ounce/sq. ft. (oz/ft.2) Gram/sq. Meter (g/m2) 305.15
Gram/sq. Meter (g/m2) Ounce/sq. ft. (oz/ft.2) 0.00328
HARDNESS CONVERSION TABLE (Approximate Value)
BRINELL 3000kg. 10mm.
Dia. BHN HRC HRB HRA 15-N Shore Tensile strength, ksi.
2.25 745 65.3 ------- 84.1 92.3 91
2.30 712 63.0 ------ 82.8 91.4 87
2.35 682 61.7 ------- 82.2 91.0 83
2.40 653 60.0 ------- 81.2 90.2 81
2.45 627 58.7 ------- 80.5 89.6 79
2.50 601 57.3 ------- 79.8 89.0 77
2.55 578 56.0 ------- 79.1 88,4 75
2.60 555 54.7 ------- 78.4 87.8 73 298
2.65 534 53.5 ------- 77.8 87.2 71 288
2.70 514 52.1 ------- 76.9 86.5 70 274
2.75 495 51.0 ------- 76.3 85.9 68 262
2.80 477 49.6 ------- 75.6 85.3 66 252
2.85 461 48.5 ------- 74.9 84.7 65 242
2.90 444 47.1 ------- 74.2 84.0 63 230
2.95 429 45.7 ------- 73.4 83.4 61 219
3.00 415 44.5 ------- 72.8 82.8 59 212
3.05 401 43.1 ------- 72.0 82.0 58 202
3.10 388 41.8 ------- 71.4 81.4 56 193
3.15 375 40.4 ------- 70.6 80.6 54 184
3.20 363 39.1 ------- 70.0 80.0 52 177
3.25 352 37.9 (110.0) 69.3 79.3 51 170
3.30 341 36.6 (109.0) 68.7 78.6 50 163
3.35 331 35.5 (108.5) 68.1 78.0 48 158
3.40 321 34.3 (108.0) 67.5 77.3 47 152
3.45 311 33.1 (107.5) 66.9 75.7 46 147
3.50 302 32.1 (107.0) 66.3 76.1 45 143
3.55 293 30.9 (106.0) 65.7 75.5 43 139
3.60 285 29.9 (105.5) 65.3 75.0 42 135
3.65 277 28.8 (104.5) 64.6 74.4 41 131
3.70 269 27.6 (104.0) 64.1 73.7 40 128
3.75 262 26.6 (103.0) 63.6 73.1 39 125
3.80 255 25.4 (102.0) 63.0 72.5 38 121
3.85 248 24.2 (101.0) 62.5 71.7 37 118
3.90 241 22.8 100.0 61.8 70.9 36 114
3.95 235 21.7 99.0 61.4 70.3 35 111
4.00 229 20.5 98.2 60.8 69.7 34 109
4.05 223 (18.8) 97.3 — — — 104
4.10 217 (17.5) 96.4 — — 33 103
4.15 212 (16.0) 95.5 — — — 100
4.20 207 (15.2) 94.6 — — 32 99
4.25 201 (13.8) 93.8 — — 31 97
4.30 197 (12.7) 92.8 — — 30 94
4.35 192 (11.5) 91.9 — — 29 92
4.40 187 (10.0) 90.7 — — — 90
4.45 183 (9.0) 90.0 — — 28 89
4.50 179 (8.0) 89.0 — — 27 88
4.55 174 (6.4) 87.8 — — — 86
4.60 170 (5.4) 86.8 — — 26 84
4.65 167 (4.4) 86.0 — — — 83
4.70 163 (3.3) 85.0 — — 25 82
4.80 156 (0.9) 82.9 — — — 80
4.90 149 — 80.8 — — 23 —
5.00 143 — 78.7 — — 22 —
5.10 137 — 76.4 — — 21 —
5.20 131 — 74.0 — — — —
5.30 126 — 72.0 — — 20 —
5.40 121 — 69.8 — — 19 —
5.50 116 — 67.6 — — 18 —
5.60 111 — 65.7 — — 15 —
Chemical Elements of Steel
Symbol Element
Al Aluminum
B Boron
C Carbon
Ca Calcium
Cr Chromium
Cu Copper
Fe Iron
Mn Manganese
Mo Molybdenum
N Nitrogen
Nb (Cb) Niobium (Columbium)
P Phosphorous
Pb Lead
S Sulfur
Si Silicon
Sn Tin
Ti Titanium
V Vanadium
Zn Zinc
Zr Zirconium
AISI/SAE Chemical % Compositions Common Grades
Grade Carbon Manganese Phos. max. Sulfur max.
1004 .02-.06 .35 max. .030 .035
1006A .02-.08 .45 max. .030 .035
1006 .08 max. .45 max. .030 .035
1007 .02-.10 .50 max. .030 .035
1008 .10 max. .50 max. .030 .035
1009 .15 max. .60 max. .030 .035
1010 .08-.13 .30-.60 .030 .035
1012 .10-.15 .30-.60 .030 .035
1015 .13-.18 .30-.60 .030 .035
1018 .15-.20 .60-.90 .030 .035
1020 .18-.23 .30-.60 .030 .035
1021 .18-.23 .60-.90 .030 .035
1022 .18-.23 .70-1.00 .030 .035
1025 .22-.28 .30-.60 .030 .035
1026 .22-.28 .60-.90 .030 .035
1030 .28-.34 .60-.90 .030 .035
Inch / Decimal / Millimeter Conversions
Inch Decimal Millimeter Inch Decimal Millimeter
1/64 .0156 0.3969 33/64 0.5156 13.0969
1/32 .0313 0.7938 17/32 0.5313 13.4938
3/64 .0469 1.1906 35/64 0.5469 13.8906
1/16 .0625 1.5875 9/16 0.5625 14.2875
5/64 .0781 1.9844 37/64 0.5781 14.6844
3/32 .0938 2.3813 19/32 0.5938 15.0813
7/64 .1094 2.7781 39/64 0.6094 15.4781
1/8 .125 3.1750 5/8 0.625 15.8750
9/64 .1406 3.5719 41/64 0.6406 16.2719
5/32 .1563 3.9688 21/32 0.6563 16.6688
11/64 .1719 4.3656 43/64 0.6719 17.0656
3/16 .1875 4.7625 11/16 0.6875 17.4625
13/64 .2031 5.1594 45/64 0.7031 17.8594
7/32 .2188 5.5563 23/32 0.7188 18.2563
15/64 .2344 5.9531 47/64 0.7344 18.6531
1 /4 .250 6.3500 ¾ 0.750 19.0500
17/64 .2656 6.7469 49/64 0.7656 19.4469
9/32 .2813 7.1438 25/32 0.7813 19.8438
19/64 .2969 7.5406 51/64 0.7969 20.2406
5/16 .3125 7.9375 13/16 0.8125 20.6375
21/64 .3281 8.3344 53/64 0.8281 21.0344
11/32 .3438 8.7313 27/32 0.8438 21.4313
23/64 .3594 9.1281 55/64 0.8594 21.8281
3/8 .375 9.5250 7/8 0.875 22.2250
25/64 .3906 9.9219 57/64 0.8906 22.6219
13/32 .4063 10.3188 29/32 0.9063 23.0188
27/64 .4219 10.7156 59/64 0.9219 23.4156
7/16 .4375 11.1125 15/16 0.9375 23.8125
29/64 .4531 11.5094 61/64 0.9531 24.2094
15/32 .4688 11.9063 31/32 0.9688 24.6063
31/64 .4844 12.3031 63/64 0.9844 25.0031
1 /2 .500 12.7001 1 1.000 25.400
Cold Rolled coils are produced from Hot Rolled Pickled by cold
reducing to the ordered thickness and then annealing to develop
specific physical properties. Compared to Hot Rolled/Pickled, Cold
Rolled has a smoother surface, tighter gauge control, and better
flatness.
Cold Rolled Class 1 is intended for exposed applications and free of
crossbreaks, stretcher strain, fluting and minor surface imperfections.
Class 2 is mainly used for unexposed parts and is susceptible to
coil breaks, stretcher strain, fluting and minor surface imperfections.
Product Classifications
Commercial Steel (CS): for moderate forming; should bend 180° on 0-T
(T=thickness); C .15 max.
Type A: C .10 max. (ultra low carbon OK)
Type B: C .02-.15
Drawing Steel (DS): for low-moderate drawn applications;
typical C <.06%; usually includes Aluminum and/or Silicon
Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) or Interstitial Free (IF): excellent
drawability; usually vacuum-degassed with stabilized Titanium and/or
Niobium.
Bake Hardenable (BH) or Dent Resistant (DR): for applications
requiring dent resistance after forming and painting.
Structural Steel (SS): for structural applications with limited
forming forming.
High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA): for high strength applications,
usually with moderate forming/drawing.
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel Type A 27000 typ. 45000 typ. 42 typ. 42 typ.
Commercial Steel Type B 30000 typ. 45000 typ. 40 typ. 45 typ.
Drawing Steel (DS-B) 25000 typ. 44000 typ. 44 typ. 37 typ.
Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) 22000 typ. 44000 typ. 45 typ. 30 typ.
Bake Hardenable 28000 typ. 47000 typ. -- --
Struct. Steel - Grd. 33 33000 min. 48000 min. 22 min. 60 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 20 min. 70 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd.80 80000 min. 82000 min. -- 90 typ.
HSLA Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 25 min. --
HSLA Grd. 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 20 min. --
HSLA Grd. 60 Cl-1 60000 min. 75000 min. 16 min. --
HSLA Grd. 70 Cl-1 70000 min. 85000 min. 14 min. –
typ. = typical; min. = minimum
Tempers
Temper Rockwell Range
Commercial B60 max.
Quarter Hard B60-75
Half Hard B70-85
Full Hard B84 min.
Finishes
Cold Rolled is produced to varying degrees of surface smoothness or
brightness, depending upon end-use. The surface is measured in
microinches with a profilometer. Lower values indicate a smoother
(brighter) finish.
Finishes
Finish Microinches Typical Application
Regular Matte 35-65 Painting; powder coating
Light Matte 20-45 Zinc plating or surface critical painting
Commercial Bright 20 max. Chrome plating
Brushed Bright 15 max. approx. Electroplating
Luster 10 max. Prep for decorative painting/plating
Embossed na Patterned surface, i.e., leather or stucco grain
Prepainted na Various paint colors available
Vinyl Clad na Various colors, patterns, textures available
Galvanized and Galvannealed Steel Coils
Galvanized is produced from Cold Rolled (or Hot Rolled Pickled & Oiled) coil that has
been passed continuously through a pot of molten zinc. The amount of coating applied to
the surface is controlled by wiping, rollers and/or air jets. The coated product is then cooled
and passes through leveling equipment. The zinc coating protects the steel substrate in two
ways. First, it creates a barrier that retards the formation of rust. Second, zinc has a self-
sacrificial character and will extend itself to cover nearby small uncoated areas (i.e., cut
edges, scratches). There is generally a direct correlation between the amount of zinc
application and the steel's atmospheric corrosion resistance. The more the zinc, the more the
corrosion resistance. The amount of zinc (referred to as coating weight) is represented in
ounces per square foot (or sometimes grams per square meter) total both sides. Its designation
for example, may be G60 (or A60, in the case of Galvannealed), constituting 0.60 oz/ft2. As
such, the material would have approximately one-third less protection than that of a G90
0.90 oz/ft2.
Galvanized (and Galvannealed) are typically produced in accordance
with ASTM A653 standards and tolerances.
Zinc Coating Categories Minimum Coating Wt. oz/ft2
Total both sides Triple Spot
minimum test from either side
Total both sides Single Spot
G235 2.35 0.80 2.00
G210 2.10 0.72 1.80
G185 1.85 0.64 1.60
G165 1.65 0.56 1.40
G140 1.40 0.48 1.20
G115 1.15 0.40 1.00
G90 0.90 0.32 0.80
G60 or A60 0.60 0.20 0.50
G40 or A40 0.40 0.12 0.30
G30 or A30 0.30 0.10 0.25
A25 0.25 0.08 0.20
Coating Weights
Coating weights are sometimes denoted in metric standards (SI
units), grams per square meter each side. For example, category
60G/60G stipulates that each side has a minimum single spot coating
weight of 60 grams per square meter (g/m2).
US and metric conversion factors are:
1 oz/ft2 = 305.15 g/m2
1 g/m2 = 0.00328 oz/ft2
In terms of coating thickness,
1 oz/ft2 = 1.7 mils.
Coating Conversion Formula
Convert from To Multiply By
ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) grams/square meter (g/m2) 305.15
grams/square meter (g/m2) ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) 0.00328
Coating Comparisons (Approx.)
Grams/m^2 per side
Grams/m^2 total both Sides
English designation ( oz/ft^2) total both sides (approx. equiv.)
98G/98G 196 G64 (0.64)
90G/90G 180 G59 (0.59)
70G/70G 140 G46 (0.46)
60G/60G 120 G39 (0.39)
50G/50G 100 G33 (0.33)
40G/40G 80 G26 (0.26)
20G/20G 40 G13 (0.13)
10G/10G 20 G07 (0.07)
5G/5G 10 G03 (0.03)
Finishes
As the zinc solidifies during the coating process, snowflake or flower-like patterns ("spangle") emerge. Neither spangle appearance nor its size
determines corrosion resistance.
Regular Spangle: Moderate-large (approx. 1/2" diameter) and usually bright/shiny.
Minimum Spangle: Small (approx. 1/8" - 1/4" diameter) and usually bright/shiny.
Zero Spangle (aka extra smooth): No visible spangle; generally duller than Regular or Minimum Spangle; usually intended for painted applications.
Galvannealed: A form of hot-dipped galvanized consisting of an iron-zinc alloy coating on both sides. When the coil exits the zinc bath, the molten zinc
coating is subjected to an in-line annealing (thus the name "Galvannealed") process that creates the zinc-iron alloy layer. The coating is denoted
by an "A" designation (i.e., A60). It has a uniform light-medium gray color and a semi-porous finish that is easily paintable. Compared to regular hot-
dipped. Galvanized, it has similar corrosion resistance and a harder coating that is more resistant to scratching. Galvannealed tends to have somewhat
less ductility and the coating sometimes powders (especially in heavier coating weight, i.e., A60) under severe
forming.
Bonderized: A form of hot-dipped galvanized which has been phosphatized to promote paintability. Appearance is typically dark-grey and sometimes
the underlying spangle pattern may be visible. Has same corrosion protection as regular galvanized, usually available in G60 and G90 coating weights.
Bonderized's popularity has declined since the 1980s, having been replaced by Galvannealed for many applications.
Galvanized Base Metal Classifications
Commercial Steel (CS Types A,B,C)
Forming Steel (FS)
Deep Drawing Steel (DDS)
Extra Deep Drawing Steel
Structural Steel (SS)
High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA)
Full Hard
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 40000 typ. – >20 typ. 48
Forming Steel 35000 typ. – >26 typ. 38
Deep Drawing Steel 28000 typ. 48000 typ. >32 typ. 34
Extra Deep Drawing Steel 20000 typ. – >40 typ. 30
Struct. Steel - Grade 33 33000 min. 45000 min. 20 min. 58
Struct. Steel - Grade 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 16 min. 65
Struct. Steel - Grade 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 2 min. 75
Struct. Steel - Grade 80 80000 min. 82000 min. --- 85
Full Hard 70000 typ. 90000 typ. --- 90
HSLA Grade 45 Cl-1. 45000 min. 60000 min. 25 min. 65
HSLA Grade 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 22 min. 70
HSLA Grade 55 Cl-1 55000 min. 70000 min. 20 min. 75
HSLA Grade 60 Cl-1 60000 min. 75000 min. 18 min. 80
typ. = typical min. = minimum
Structural Steel - Bending Properties
90degree long. bend “t” = steel thickness
ClassificationMin. Inside Diameter
Grade 331 ½-t
Grade 40 2-t
Grade 50 Cl-1 not applicable
Grade 50 Cl-2 not applicable
Grade 80 not applicable
Coating Bend Test Requirements
(ratio of inside bend diameter to thickness)
CS, FS, DDS, EDDS Grd.33 Grd.37 Grd.40 Grd.50 Grd.80
Sheet Thickness
Coat. Wt. .010"-.039" .040"-.079" .080"-.160"
G235 2 3 3 3 3 3 n/a n/a
G210 2 2 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G185 2 2 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G165 2 2 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G140 1 1 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G115 0 0 1 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G90 0 0 1 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G60 0 0 0 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G40 0 0 0 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G30 0 0 0 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
Aluminized Steel Coils (Type 1)
Aluminized steel sheet (Type 1) is made from a Cold Rolled substrate, upon which a hot-dipped Aluminum-Silicon coating is applied to both sides. It
offers excellent resistance for applications in which a combination of heat and corrosion resistance is required. Aluminized sustains heat and oxidation
protection up to about 900° F. without discoloration, while maintaining its strength
up to about 1200° F. It generally affords about twice the corrosion protection of hot-dipped galvanized, however, unlike Galvanized, Aluminum is
not self-sacrificial. As such, cut edges or other
uncoated areas will exhibit rust. Aluminized has a silvery-satin smooth appearance.
Major end-uses include automotive mufflers, toasters, ovens, heaters, broilers, heat shields, fireplaces and chimney linings. It is normally produced in
accordance with ASTM A463 standards and
tolerances.
Min. Coating Wt. - oz/ft2 total both sides
Designation Triple Spot Test Single Spot Test
T1-40 0.40 0.30
T1-25 0.25 0.20
T1-13 0.13 0.10
Base Metal Classifications
Commercial (Types A, B, C), Forming, Deep Drawing, Extra Deep
Drawing, Structural.
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 45000 typ. 56000 typ. >22 typ. 48 typ.
Forming Steel 35000 typ. 52000 typ. >26 typ. 38 typ.
Deep Drawing Steel 32000 typ. 49000 typ. >32 typ. 34 typ.
Extra Deep Drawing Steel 24000 typ. 45000 typ. >38 typ. 30 typ.
Structural Steel - Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 16 min. 65 typ.
typ. = typical min. = minimum
Electrogalvanized Steel Coils
Electrogalvanized is the most common type of electrolytic coated sheet. Electrogalvanized is produced from a cold rolled substrate, upon which a very
thin layer of zinc has been electrolytically deposited to one or both sides. Because the zinc coatings are much thinner compared to hot-dipped, the
product is usually intended for interior applications having little atmospheric exposure. Most Electrogalvanized is very well suited for painting,
especially given its smooth surface. And with its lighter coating weights, it offers better weldability than hot-dipped Galvanized. The finish is typically
light grey and spangle-free. It's forming characteristics are very similar to those of Cold Rolled; weldability is very good.
Because of its generally higher cost and lower rust-resistance compared to Galvannealed, Electrogalvanized has lost considerable market share (especially
for automotive applications). It is
normally produced to ASTM A879 standards and tolerances. Other rarer types of Electrolytic coated sheet include Electro Zinc-Nickel and Electro
Zinc-Iron Alloy.
Electrogalvanized Coating Designations
Coating Designation (english)
Min. Max. oz/ft2
Coating Designation (metric)
Min. Max. g/m2
Common prior name
32Z 0.32 0.46 98G 98 140
30Z 0.30 0.43 90G 90 130
23Z 0.23 0.36 70G 70 110
20Z 0.20 0.30 60G 60 90
13Z 0.13 0.23 40G 40 70
08Z 0.08 0.16 24G 24 45 Double
07Z 0.07 0.13 40G 40 70
04Z 0.04 0.10 12G 12 30 Full
02Z 0.02 0.08 06G 6 25 Intermediate
01Z 0.01 0.05 03G 3 15 Flash
00Z none none 00G none none
Coating Conversion Formula
Convert from To Multiply By
ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) grams/square meter (g/m2) 305.15
grams/square meter (g/m2) ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) 0.00328
Mechanical Properties (all typical)
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 31000 48000 40 45
Drawing Steel (Type B) 28000 46000 44 37
Extra Deep Drawing Steel 25000 45000 45 30
Hot Rolled and Pickled Steel Coils
Hot Rolled Sheet is the most basic and, typically, least expensive type of flat-rolled steel. It is used in its original form or becomes the feedstock for
Cold Rolled and coated sheet steels. Usually produced in conformance with ASTM A568.
Categories
Unprocessed (a.k.a. "Band"): The crudest flat-rolled form. Coil product not cut back to gauge at ID and OD, not edge trimmed, not temper-rolled.
Surface subject to mill finish, crossbreaks, scale and rust. Some mills are installing scale breakdown rolls to improve surface and eliminate the need for
subsequent pickling. Unprocessed is usually not intended for applications requiring critical surface,
flatness or tight thickness tolerances.
Temper Rolled (a.k.a. "Sheet"): An upgrade from Unprocessed, the coil is temper-rolled (a.k.a. skin passed), edge-trimmed, with coil ID and OD
cropped back to ordered thickness. Provides improved
flatness, smoother surface, and absence of Luder Lines.
Pickled: A product that has been washed in hydrochloric and/or sulfuric acid to remove scale and rust. Has a smoother surface than unpickled
unprocessed coil or sheet. After pickling, should promptly
be oiled to protect against rust. Can be applied to Unprocessed or Temper Rolled product. Usually intended for applications requiring clean surface (i.e.,
for improved painting or die forming).
Classifications
Commercial (Type A, B, C)
Drawing Steel (Type B)
Structural Steel
High Strength Low Alloy
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 39000 typ. 52000 typ. 39 typ. 61 typ.
Drawing Steel (Type B) 35000 typ. 48000 typ. 41 typ. 56 typ.
Deep Drawing Steel 30000 typ. 46000 typ. 36 typ. 50 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 33 33000 min. 52000 min. 23 min. 60 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 36 36000 min. 53000 min. 22 min. 63 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 21 min. 68 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 50 50000 min. 65000 min. 17 min. 77 typ.
HSLA Grd. 45 Cl-1 45000 min. 60000 min. 25 min. --
HSLA Grd. 45 Cl-2 45000 min. 55000 min. 25 min. --
HSLA Grd. 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 22 min. --
HSLA Grd. 50 Cl-2 50000 min. 60000 min. 22 min. --
HSLA Grd. 55 Cl-1 55000 min. 70000 min. 20 min. --
HSLA Grd. 55 Cl-2 55000 min. 65000 min. 20 min. --
HSLA Grd. 60 Cl-1 60000 min. 75000 min. 18 min. --
HSLA Grd. 60 Cl-2 60000 min. 70000 min. 18 min. --
typ. = typical min. = minimum
Grade Sample Type
lOxx 1008 Plain carbon grade
llxx 1110 Re-Sulfurized
12xx 1215 Re-Phos. and S
13xx 1345 Mn 1.60/1.90%
15xx 1515 High Mn and S
40xx 4042 Alloy- High Mo
41xx 4140 Cr and Mo
43xx 4320 Ni, Cr, Mo
46xx 4620 Ni and Mo
51xx 5150 High Cr
86xx 8620 Ni,Cr,Mo
B 10B24 Boron added
L 12L14 Lead added
H 41H40 Guaranteed Hardenability
STANDARD GAUGE DECIMALS – HOT ROLLED COLD ROLLED
Gauge and Equivalent in Decimals of an Inch
(For accuracy always specify by decimal)
Gauge No. Steel Sheets Mfrs. Std. - Replaces U.S. Standard (revised) Gauge.
6-0's ——
5-0's ——
4-0's ——
3-0's ——
2-0's ——
0 ——
1 ——
2 ——
3 .2391
4 .2242
5 .2092
6 .1943
7 .1793
8 .1644
9 .1495
10 .1345
11 .1196
12 .1046
13 .0897
14 .0747 .
15 .0673
16 .0598
17 .0538
18 .0478
19 .0418
20 .0359
21 .0329
22 .0299
23 .0269
24 .0239
25 .0209
26 .0179
27 .0164
28 .0149
29 .0135
30 .0120
31 .0105
32 .0097
33 .0090
34 .0082
35 .0075
36 .0067
37 .0064
38 .0060
Galvanized, Galvannealed, Aluminized
Gauge Nom. Thickness (in.)
8 .1681
9 .1532
10 .1382
11 .1233
12 .1084
13 .0934
14 .0785
15 .0710
16 .0635
17 .0575
18 .0516
19 .0456
20 .0396
21 .0366
22 .0336
23 .0306
24 .0276
25 .0247
26 .0217
27 .0202
28 .0187
29 .0172
30 .0157
31 .0142
32 .0134
Metric Conversions Measurement
Convert From Convert To Multiply By
Length
Inch (in.) Millimeter (mm) 25.4
Millimeter (mm) Inch (in.) 0.03937
Inch (in.) mil 1000
Foot (ft.) Meter (m) 0.3048
Meter (m) Foot (ft.) 3.281
Weight
Pound (lb.) Kilogram (kg.) 0.4536
Kilogram (kg.) Pound (lb.) 2.2046
Net Ton (nt) Metric Ton (mt) 0.9072
Metric Ton (mt) Net Ton (nt) 1.1023
Net Ton (nt) Gross Ton (gt) 1.12
Gross Ton (gt) Net Ton (nt) 0.8928
Strength
Pound/square in. (psi) ksi (1000 psi) 0.001
ksi Megapascal (MPa) 6.895
Pound/square in. (psi) Megapascal (MPa) 0.006895
Megapascal (MPa) Pound/square in. (psi) 145.0377
Coating Weight
Ounce/sq. ft. (oz/ft.2) Gram/sq. Meter (g/m2) 305.15
Gram/sq. Meter (g/m2) Ounce/sq. ft. (oz/ft.2) 0.00328
HARDNESS CONVERSION TABLE (Approximate Value)
BRINELL 3000kg. 10mm.
Dia. BHN HRC HRB HRA 15-N Shore Tensile strength, ksi.
2.25 745 65.3 ------- 84.1 92.3 91
2.30 712 63.0 ------ 82.8 91.4 87
2.35 682 61.7 ------- 82.2 91.0 83
2.40 653 60.0 ------- 81.2 90.2 81
2.45 627 58.7 ------- 80.5 89.6 79
2.50 601 57.3 ------- 79.8 89.0 77
2.55 578 56.0 ------- 79.1 88,4 75
2.60 555 54.7 ------- 78.4 87.8 73 298
2.65 534 53.5 ------- 77.8 87.2 71 288
2.70 514 52.1 ------- 76.9 86.5 70 274
2.75 495 51.0 ------- 76.3 85.9 68 262
2.80 477 49.6 ------- 75.6 85.3 66 252
2.85 461 48.5 ------- 74.9 84.7 65 242
2.90 444 47.1 ------- 74.2 84.0 63 230
2.95 429 45.7 ------- 73.4 83.4 61 219
3.00 415 44.5 ------- 72.8 82.8 59 212
3.05 401 43.1 ------- 72.0 82.0 58 202
3.10 388 41.8 ------- 71.4 81.4 56 193
3.15 375 40.4 ------- 70.6 80.6 54 184
3.20 363 39.1 ------- 70.0 80.0 52 177
3.25 352 37.9 (110.0) 69.3 79.3 51 170
3.30 341 36.6 (109.0) 68.7 78.6 50 163
3.35 331 35.5 (108.5) 68.1 78.0 48 158
3.40 321 34.3 (108.0) 67.5 77.3 47 152
3.45 311 33.1 (107.5) 66.9 75.7 46 147
3.50 302 32.1 (107.0) 66.3 76.1 45 143
3.55 293 30.9 (106.0) 65.7 75.5 43 139
3.60 285 29.9 (105.5) 65.3 75.0 42 135
3.65 277 28.8 (104.5) 64.6 74.4 41 131
3.70 269 27.6 (104.0) 64.1 73.7 40 128
3.75 262 26.6 (103.0) 63.6 73.1 39 125
3.80 255 25.4 (102.0) 63.0 72.5 38 121
3.85 248 24.2 (101.0) 62.5 71.7 37 118
3.90 241 22.8 100.0 61.8 70.9 36 114
3.95 235 21.7 99.0 61.4 70.3 35 111
4.00 229 20.5 98.2 60.8 69.7 34 109
4.05 223 (18.8) 97.3 — — — 104
4.10 217 (17.5) 96.4 — — 33 103
4.15 212 (16.0) 95.5 — — — 100
4.20 207 (15.2) 94.6 — — 32 99
4.25 201 (13.8) 93.8 — — 31 97
4.30 197 (12.7) 92.8 — — 30 94
4.35 192 (11.5) 91.9 — — 29 92
4.40 187 (10.0) 90.7 — — — 90
4.45 183 (9.0) 90.0 — — 28 89
4.50 179 (8.0) 89.0 — — 27 88
4.55 174 (6.4) 87.8 — — — 86
4.60 170 (5.4) 86.8 — — 26 84
4.65 167 (4.4) 86.0 — — — 83
4.70 163 (3.3) 85.0 — — 25 82
4.80 156 (0.9) 82.9 — — — 80
4.90 149 — 80.8 — — 23 —
5.00 143 — 78.7 — — 22 —
5.10 137 — 76.4 — — 21 —
5.20 131 — 74.0 — — — —
5.30 126 — 72.0 — — 20 —
5.40 121 — 69.8 — — 19 —
5.50 116 — 67.6 — — 18 —
5.60 111 — 65.7 — — 15 —
Chemical Elements of Steel
Symbol Element
Al Aluminum
B Boron
C Carbon
Ca Calcium
Cr Chromium
Cu Copper
Fe Iron
Mn Manganese
Mo Molybdenum
N Nitrogen
Nb (Cb) Niobium (Columbium)
P Phosphorous
Pb Lead
S Sulfur
Si Silicon
Sn Tin
Ti Titanium
V Vanadium
Zn Zinc
Zr Zirconium
AISI/SAE Chemical % Compositions Common Grades
Grade Carbon Manganese Phos. max. Sulfur max.
1004 .02-.06 .35 max. .030 .035
1006A .02-.08 .45 max. .030 .035
1006 .08 max. .45 max. .030 .035
1007 .02-.10 .50 max. .030 .035
1008 .10 max. .50 max. .030 .035
1009 .15 max. .60 max. .030 .035
1010 .08-.13 .30-.60 .030 .035
1012 .10-.15 .30-.60 .030 .035
1015 .13-.18 .30-.60 .030 .035
1018 .15-.20 .60-.90 .030 .035
1020 .18-.23 .30-.60 .030 .035
1021 .18-.23 .60-.90 .030 .035
1022 .18-.23 .70-1.00 .030 .035
1025 .22-.28 .30-.60 .030 .035
1026 .22-.28 .60-.90 .030 .035
1030 .28-.34 .60-.90 .030 .035
Inch / Decimal / Millimeter Conversions
Inch Decimal Millimeter Inch Decimal Millimeter
1/64 .0156 0.3969 33/64 0.5156 13.0969
1/32 .0313 0.7938 17/32 0.5313 13.4938
3/64 .0469 1.1906 35/64 0.5469 13.8906
1/16 .0625 1.5875 9/16 0.5625 14.2875
5/64 .0781 1.9844 37/64 0.5781 14.6844
3/32 .0938 2.3813 19/32 0.5938 15.0813
7/64 .1094 2.7781 39/64 0.6094 15.4781
1/8 .125 3.1750 5/8 0.625 15.8750
9/64 .1406 3.5719 41/64 0.6406 16.2719
5/32 .1563 3.9688 21/32 0.6563 16.6688
11/64 .1719 4.3656 43/64 0.6719 17.0656
3/16 .1875 4.7625 11/16 0.6875 17.4625
13/64 .2031 5.1594 45/64 0.7031 17.8594
7/32 .2188 5.5563 23/32 0.7188 18.2563
15/64 .2344 5.9531 47/64 0.7344 18.6531
1 /4 .250 6.3500 ¾ 0.750 19.0500
17/64 .2656 6.7469 49/64 0.7656 19.4469
9/32 .2813 7.1438 25/32 0.7813 19.8438
19/64 .2969 7.5406 51/64 0.7969 20.2406
5/16 .3125 7.9375 13/16 0.8125 20.6375
21/64 .3281 8.3344 53/64 0.8281 21.0344
11/32 .3438 8.7313 27/32 0.8438 21.4313
23/64 .3594 9.1281 55/64 0.8594 21.8281
3/8 .375 9.5250 7/8 0.875 22.2250
25/64 .3906 9.9219 57/64 0.8906 22.6219
13/32 .4063 10.3188 29/32 0.9063 23.0188
27/64 .4219 10.7156 59/64 0.9219 23.4156
7/16 .4375 11.1125 15/16 0.9375 23.8125
29/64 .4531 11.5094 61/64 0.9531 24.2094
15/32 .4688 11.9063 31/32 0.9688 24.6063
31/64 .4844 12.3031 63/64 0.9844 25.0031
1 /2 .500 12.7001 1 1.000 25.400
Cold Rolled coils are produced from Hot Rolled Pickled by cold
reducing to the ordered thickness and then annealing to develop
specific physical properties. Compared to Hot Rolled/Pickled, Cold
Rolled has a smoother surface, tighter gauge control, and better
flatness.
Cold Rolled Class 1 is intended for exposed applications and free of
crossbreaks, stretcher strain, fluting and minor surface imperfections.
Class 2 is mainly used for unexposed parts and is susceptible to
coil breaks, stretcher strain, fluting and minor surface imperfections.
Product Classifications
Commercial Steel (CS): for moderate forming; should bend 180° on 0-T
(T=thickness); C .15 max.
Type A: C .10 max. (ultra low carbon OK)
Type B: C .02-.15
Drawing Steel (DS): for low-moderate drawn applications;
typical C <.06%; usually includes Aluminum and/or Silicon
Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) or Interstitial Free (IF): excellent
drawability; usually vacuum-degassed with stabilized Titanium and/or
Niobium.
Bake Hardenable (BH) or Dent Resistant (DR): for applications
requiring dent resistance after forming and painting.
Structural Steel (SS): for structural applications with limited
forming forming.
High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA): for high strength applications,
usually with moderate forming/drawing.
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel Type A 27000 typ. 45000 typ. 42 typ. 42 typ.
Commercial Steel Type B 30000 typ. 45000 typ. 40 typ. 45 typ.
Drawing Steel (DS-B) 25000 typ. 44000 typ. 44 typ. 37 typ.
Extra Deep Drawing Steel (EDDS) 22000 typ. 44000 typ. 45 typ. 30 typ.
Bake Hardenable 28000 typ. 47000 typ. -- --
Struct. Steel - Grd. 33 33000 min. 48000 min. 22 min. 60 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 20 min. 70 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd.80 80000 min. 82000 min. -- 90 typ.
HSLA Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 25 min. --
HSLA Grd. 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 20 min. --
HSLA Grd. 60 Cl-1 60000 min. 75000 min. 16 min. --
HSLA Grd. 70 Cl-1 70000 min. 85000 min. 14 min. –
typ. = typical; min. = minimum
Tempers
Temper Rockwell Range
Commercial B60 max.
Quarter Hard B60-75
Half Hard B70-85
Full Hard B84 min.
Finishes
Cold Rolled is produced to varying degrees of surface smoothness or
brightness, depending upon end-use. The surface is measured in
microinches with a profilometer. Lower values indicate a smoother
(brighter) finish.
Finishes
Finish Microinches Typical Application
Regular Matte 35-65 Painting; powder coating
Light Matte 20-45 Zinc plating or surface critical painting
Commercial Bright 20 max. Chrome plating
Brushed Bright 15 max. approx. Electroplating
Luster 10 max. Prep for decorative painting/plating
Embossed na Patterned surface, i.e., leather or stucco grain
Prepainted na Various paint colors available
Vinyl Clad na Various colors, patterns, textures available
Galvanized and Galvannealed Steel Coils
Galvanized is produced from Cold Rolled (or Hot Rolled Pickled & Oiled) coil that has
been passed continuously through a pot of molten zinc. The amount of coating applied to
the surface is controlled by wiping, rollers and/or air jets. The coated product is then cooled
and passes through leveling equipment. The zinc coating protects the steel substrate in two
ways. First, it creates a barrier that retards the formation of rust. Second, zinc has a self-
sacrificial character and will extend itself to cover nearby small uncoated areas (i.e., cut
edges, scratches). There is generally a direct correlation between the amount of zinc
application and the steel's atmospheric corrosion resistance. The more the zinc, the more the
corrosion resistance. The amount of zinc (referred to as coating weight) is represented in
ounces per square foot (or sometimes grams per square meter) total both sides. Its designation
for example, may be G60 (or A60, in the case of Galvannealed), constituting 0.60 oz/ft2. As
such, the material would have approximately one-third less protection than that of a G90
0.90 oz/ft2.
Galvanized (and Galvannealed) are typically produced in accordance
with ASTM A653 standards and tolerances.
Zinc Coating Categories Minimum Coating Wt. oz/ft2
Total both sides Triple Spot
minimum test from either side
Total both sides Single Spot
G235 2.35 0.80 2.00
G210 2.10 0.72 1.80
G185 1.85 0.64 1.60
G165 1.65 0.56 1.40
G140 1.40 0.48 1.20
G115 1.15 0.40 1.00
G90 0.90 0.32 0.80
G60 or A60 0.60 0.20 0.50
G40 or A40 0.40 0.12 0.30
G30 or A30 0.30 0.10 0.25
A25 0.25 0.08 0.20
Coating Weights
Coating weights are sometimes denoted in metric standards (SI
units), grams per square meter each side. For example, category
60G/60G stipulates that each side has a minimum single spot coating
weight of 60 grams per square meter (g/m2).
US and metric conversion factors are:
1 oz/ft2 = 305.15 g/m2
1 g/m2 = 0.00328 oz/ft2
In terms of coating thickness,
1 oz/ft2 = 1.7 mils.
Coating Conversion Formula
Convert from To Multiply By
ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) grams/square meter (g/m2) 305.15
grams/square meter (g/m2) ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) 0.00328
Coating Comparisons (Approx.)
Grams/m^2 per side
Grams/m^2 total both Sides
English designation ( oz/ft^2) total both sides (approx. equiv.)
98G/98G 196 G64 (0.64)
90G/90G 180 G59 (0.59)
70G/70G 140 G46 (0.46)
60G/60G 120 G39 (0.39)
50G/50G 100 G33 (0.33)
40G/40G 80 G26 (0.26)
20G/20G 40 G13 (0.13)
10G/10G 20 G07 (0.07)
5G/5G 10 G03 (0.03)
Finishes
As the zinc solidifies during the coating process, snowflake or flower-like patterns ("spangle") emerge. Neither spangle appearance nor its size
determines corrosion resistance.
Regular Spangle: Moderate-large (approx. 1/2" diameter) and usually bright/shiny.
Minimum Spangle: Small (approx. 1/8" - 1/4" diameter) and usually bright/shiny.
Zero Spangle (aka extra smooth): No visible spangle; generally duller than Regular or Minimum Spangle; usually intended for painted applications.
Galvannealed: A form of hot-dipped galvanized consisting of an iron-zinc alloy coating on both sides. When the coil exits the zinc bath, the molten zinc
coating is subjected to an in-line annealing (thus the name "Galvannealed") process that creates the zinc-iron alloy layer. The coating is denoted
by an "A" designation (i.e., A60). It has a uniform light-medium gray color and a semi-porous finish that is easily paintable. Compared to regular hot-
dipped. Galvanized, it has similar corrosion resistance and a harder coating that is more resistant to scratching. Galvannealed tends to have somewhat
less ductility and the coating sometimes powders (especially in heavier coating weight, i.e., A60) under severe
forming.
Bonderized: A form of hot-dipped galvanized which has been phosphatized to promote paintability. Appearance is typically dark-grey and sometimes
the underlying spangle pattern may be visible. Has same corrosion protection as regular galvanized, usually available in G60 and G90 coating weights.
Bonderized's popularity has declined since the 1980s, having been replaced by Galvannealed for many applications.
Galvanized Base Metal Classifications
Commercial Steel (CS Types A,B,C)
Forming Steel (FS)
Deep Drawing Steel (DDS)
Extra Deep Drawing Steel
Structural Steel (SS)
High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA)
Full Hard
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 40000 typ. – >20 typ. 48
Forming Steel 35000 typ. – >26 typ. 38
Deep Drawing Steel 28000 typ. 48000 typ. >32 typ. 34
Extra Deep Drawing Steel 20000 typ. – >40 typ. 30
Struct. Steel - Grade 33 33000 min. 45000 min. 20 min. 58
Struct. Steel - Grade 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 16 min. 65
Struct. Steel - Grade 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 2 min. 75
Struct. Steel - Grade 80 80000 min. 82000 min. --- 85
Full Hard 70000 typ. 90000 typ. --- 90
HSLA Grade 45 Cl-1. 45000 min. 60000 min. 25 min. 65
HSLA Grade 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 22 min. 70
HSLA Grade 55 Cl-1 55000 min. 70000 min. 20 min. 75
HSLA Grade 60 Cl-1 60000 min. 75000 min. 18 min. 80
typ. = typical min. = minimum
Structural Steel - Bending Properties
90degree long. bend “t” = steel thickness
ClassificationMin. Inside Diameter
Grade 331 ½-t
Grade 40 2-t
Grade 50 Cl-1 not applicable
Grade 50 Cl-2 not applicable
Grade 80 not applicable
Coating Bend Test Requirements
(ratio of inside bend diameter to thickness)
CS, FS, DDS, EDDS Grd.33 Grd.37 Grd.40 Grd.50 Grd.80
Sheet Thickness
Coat. Wt. .010"-.039" .040"-.079" .080"-.160"
G235 2 3 3 3 3 3 n/a n/a
G210 2 2 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G185 2 2 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G165 2 2 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G140 1 1 2 2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G115 0 0 1 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G90 0 0 1 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G60 0 0 0 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G40 0 0 0 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
G30 0 0 0 1-1/2 2 2-1/2 n/a n/a
Aluminized Steel Coils (Type 1)
Aluminized steel sheet (Type 1) is made from a Cold Rolled substrate, upon which a hot-dipped Aluminum-Silicon coating is applied to both sides. It
offers excellent resistance for applications in which a combination of heat and corrosion resistance is required. Aluminized sustains heat and oxidation
protection up to about 900° F. without discoloration, while maintaining its strength
up to about 1200° F. It generally affords about twice the corrosion protection of hot-dipped galvanized, however, unlike Galvanized, Aluminum is
not self-sacrificial. As such, cut edges or other
uncoated areas will exhibit rust. Aluminized has a silvery-satin smooth appearance.
Major end-uses include automotive mufflers, toasters, ovens, heaters, broilers, heat shields, fireplaces and chimney linings. It is normally produced in
accordance with ASTM A463 standards and
tolerances.
Min. Coating Wt. - oz/ft2 total both sides
Designation Triple Spot Test Single Spot Test
T1-40 0.40 0.30
T1-25 0.25 0.20
T1-13 0.13 0.10
Base Metal Classifications
Commercial (Types A, B, C), Forming, Deep Drawing, Extra Deep
Drawing, Structural.
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 45000 typ. 56000 typ. >22 typ. 48 typ.
Forming Steel 35000 typ. 52000 typ. >26 typ. 38 typ.
Deep Drawing Steel 32000 typ. 49000 typ. >32 typ. 34 typ.
Extra Deep Drawing Steel 24000 typ. 45000 typ. >38 typ. 30 typ.
Structural Steel - Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 16 min. 65 typ.
typ. = typical min. = minimum
Electrogalvanized Steel Coils
Electrogalvanized is the most common type of electrolytic coated sheet. Electrogalvanized is produced from a cold rolled substrate, upon which a very
thin layer of zinc has been electrolytically deposited to one or both sides. Because the zinc coatings are much thinner compared to hot-dipped, the
product is usually intended for interior applications having little atmospheric exposure. Most Electrogalvanized is very well suited for painting,
especially given its smooth surface. And with its lighter coating weights, it offers better weldability than hot-dipped Galvanized. The finish is typically
light grey and spangle-free. It's forming characteristics are very similar to those of Cold Rolled; weldability is very good.
Because of its generally higher cost and lower rust-resistance compared to Galvannealed, Electrogalvanized has lost considerable market share (especially
for automotive applications). It is
normally produced to ASTM A879 standards and tolerances. Other rarer types of Electrolytic coated sheet include Electro Zinc-Nickel and Electro
Zinc-Iron Alloy.
Electrogalvanized Coating Designations
Coating Designation (english)
Min. Max. oz/ft2
Coating Designation (metric)
Min. Max. g/m2
Common prior name
32Z 0.32 0.46 98G 98 140
30Z 0.30 0.43 90G 90 130
23Z 0.23 0.36 70G 70 110
20Z 0.20 0.30 60G 60 90
13Z 0.13 0.23 40G 40 70
08Z 0.08 0.16 24G 24 45 Double
07Z 0.07 0.13 40G 40 70
04Z 0.04 0.10 12G 12 30 Full
02Z 0.02 0.08 06G 6 25 Intermediate
01Z 0.01 0.05 03G 3 15 Flash
00Z none none 00G none none
Coating Conversion Formula
Convert from To Multiply By
ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) grams/square meter (g/m2) 305.15
grams/square meter (g/m2) ounces/square foot (oz/ft2) 0.00328
Mechanical Properties (all typical)
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 31000 48000 40 45
Drawing Steel (Type B) 28000 46000 44 37
Extra Deep Drawing Steel 25000 45000 45 30
Hot Rolled and Pickled Steel Coils
Hot Rolled Sheet is the most basic and, typically, least expensive type of flat-rolled steel. It is used in its original form or becomes the feedstock for
Cold Rolled and coated sheet steels. Usually produced in conformance with ASTM A568.
Categories
Unprocessed (a.k.a. "Band"): The crudest flat-rolled form. Coil product not cut back to gauge at ID and OD, not edge trimmed, not temper-rolled.
Surface subject to mill finish, crossbreaks, scale and rust. Some mills are installing scale breakdown rolls to improve surface and eliminate the need for
subsequent pickling. Unprocessed is usually not intended for applications requiring critical surface,
flatness or tight thickness tolerances.
Temper Rolled (a.k.a. "Sheet"): An upgrade from Unprocessed, the coil is temper-rolled (a.k.a. skin passed), edge-trimmed, with coil ID and OD
cropped back to ordered thickness. Provides improved
flatness, smoother surface, and absence of Luder Lines.
Pickled: A product that has been washed in hydrochloric and/or sulfuric acid to remove scale and rust. Has a smoother surface than unpickled
unprocessed coil or sheet. After pickling, should promptly
be oiled to protect against rust. Can be applied to Unprocessed or Temper Rolled product. Usually intended for applications requiring clean surface (i.e.,
for improved painting or die forming).
Classifications
Commercial (Type A, B, C)
Drawing Steel (Type B)
Structural Steel
High Strength Low Alloy
Mechanical Properties
Classification Yield, psi Tensile, psi Elongation, % / 2" Rockwell HRB
Commercial Steel (Type B) 39000 typ. 52000 typ. 39 typ. 61 typ.
Drawing Steel (Type B) 35000 typ. 48000 typ. 41 typ. 56 typ.
Deep Drawing Steel 30000 typ. 46000 typ. 36 typ. 50 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 33 33000 min. 52000 min. 23 min. 60 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 36 36000 min. 53000 min. 22 min. 63 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 40 40000 min. 55000 min. 21 min. 68 typ.
Struct. Steel - Grd. 50 50000 min. 65000 min. 17 min. 77 typ.
HSLA Grd. 45 Cl-1 45000 min. 60000 min. 25 min. --
HSLA Grd. 45 Cl-2 45000 min. 55000 min. 25 min. --
HSLA Grd. 50 Cl-1 50000 min. 65000 min. 22 min. --
HSLA Grd. 50 Cl-2 50000 min. 60000 min. 22 min. --
HSLA Grd. 55 Cl-1 55000 min. 70000 min. 20 min. --
HSLA Grd. 55 Cl-2 55000 min. 65000 min. 20 min. --
HSLA Grd. 60 Cl-1 60000 min. 75000 min. 18 min. --
HSLA Grd. 60 Cl-2 60000 min. 70000 min. 18 min. --
typ. = typical min. = minimum
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